Dental treatment is an important topic and especially when it comes to children. The knowledge, attitude, perception, and socio-economic status of parents are potentially important factors to improve the dental treatment. However, few of the previous studies deal with this topic in the context of developing countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of attitude, knowledge, perception, and socio-economic status on dental treatment. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study proposes that attitude, knowledge, and perception as well as the socio-economic status will have a positive effect on the dental treatment behavior of parents in Libya. The data was collected from parents in ten schools in Tripoli using a questionnaire. As a result, a total of 183 responses were collected. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS. The findings showed that the effect of knowledge and attitude as well as the income and education on dental treatment is positive. Position and perception have insignificant effect. The findings of the study were discussed, and more studies are needed to examine the issue of dental treatment during the time of COVID 19.